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Defining the Design Rules for Targeted Nanoparticles Used To Image Tumors

One of the challenges of using nanoparticles for imaging tumors during surgery is that there needs to be a tradeoff between the number of nanoparticles that target a tumor and the rapid clearance of any unbound nanoparticles from the body. A large number of nanoparticles sticking tightly to a tumor will provide a bright signal that can help a surgeon spot the edges of the malignant tissue, but only if the background signal from unbound nanoparticles - the ones circulating freely through the body - is not too high.