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Ceramics come out of the cold Material scientists in the US have invented a simple way to make tough ceramics by using freezing “templates� of ice. The technique, developed by Antoni Tomsia and colleagues at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, mimics the way seawater freezes and produces layered structures that resemble seashells. The composites, which are less brittle than existing ceramics, could be used to make everything from dental implants to artificial limbs (Science 311 515).
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