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Tiny fridge aims big Physicists in the US have made a chip-sized refrigerator that can cool objects much bigger than itself to millikelvin temperatures. The device relies on the quantum mechanical tunnelling of electrons between a metal and superconductor and could find applications in a variety of cryogenic sensors in the semiconductor industry and astronomy (A M Clark et al. 2005 Appl. Phys. Lett. 86 173508).
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